Atoms and Bonding Study Guide

Atoms and Bonding Study Guide

Bonding and the Periodic Table:

1. The number of valence electrons determines how an atom can bond with other atoms.
1. The number of valence electrons is the same as ______________________________________________________
2. Lewis dot structures-show _________________________________

2. Octet Rule-____________________________________________________
3. Noble gases are in _______________ and don’t ______________________

Ionic Bonds

1. Ions form when _____________________________________________
1. Lose-________________________________________________
2. Gain-________________________________________________
3. Polyatomic ions­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­-­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­________________________________________
2. Ionic bonds form when _______________________________________ between ______________ and ______________________
3. Formulas show the _______________and the __________________________
1. Subscript _____________________________________________

                                          i.    MgCl₂-(# and type) __________________________________________

2. Ratio of the elements _______________ out the charges- ionic compounds are __________________________
3. Naming-_____________________ first, change ending of negative ion to ______
1. Exception-do not change the name of _______________ ions

                                          i.    NaCl-___________________________

                                        ii.    Mg₃S₂-___________________________

                                       iii.    (NH4)₂SO₄-___________________________

5. Properties of ionic compounds
1. ____________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________

Covalent Bonds

1. Covalent bonds form when ___________________________________
1. Form between ___________________________________
2. Each bond is a shared pair (2) of electrons
3. Lewis dot structure can be used to visualize shared electrons

4. Properties
1. ____________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________
5. Polarity-________________________________________________

a.    Results in slight negative and positive poles

6. Formulas give ratio of elements-H₂O-_______________________________

Metallic Bonds

1. Alloy-______________________________________________

a.    Get metals that are generally stronger and less reactive

2. Metallic bonding-___________________________________________________
3. Properties

a.    Change shape

                                          i.    ____________________________________________________

                                        ii.    ____________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________

4. Luster-____________________________________________________

Heat conductors-____________________________